Descartes s Magical Properties And Qualities Of A Substance

Descartes explains â€Å"substance† as something that exists by itself and does not require anything for its existence. Modes are what Descartes considers the physical properties and qualities of a substance. An example of what modes are, can be imagined by thinking of the color, texture, or size of a red ball, as these features are what Descartes would consider modes of the ball. With knowing what substance is, Descartes further distinguishes infinite and finite substance, along with perfect and imperfect substances. Asking the question of what is a substance, Descartes claims that god is a substance because god exists without requiring anything. Next considering that god exists, anything which god creates can also be a substance because, as god is a substance, his creation is also a substance, however, with a lesser degree of existence making it both finite and imperfect because it requires god. It is also important to note that Descartes only considers god, the mind, and th e body as substances that exist. 1 The mind and body for Descartes are two forms of substances that he distinguishes as being separate from one another in operations. This belief by Descartes come from his meditations where he excludes everything he has known including his physical body. Keeping in mind that everything is an illusion, Descartes tells himself if he is being deceived then to be deceived he must exist. Furthermore, Descartes concludes that since he is somehow able to think, he must exist,Show MoreRelatedMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words   |  316 PagesOxford University Press, 1974. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-226-52130-3 (pbk.) 1. Motion pictures—Semiotics. 2. Motion pictures— Philosophy. I. Title. PN1995.M4513 1991 791.43 014—dc20 90-46965 C1P The French edition of Christian Metz s Essais sur la signification au cinema, volume 1, was published by Editions Klincksieck in 1971,  © Editions Klincksieck, 1968. ÃŽËœThe paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences-PermanenceRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

Ethics And Ethics Of Business Ethics - 1304 Words

Business Ethics Varun Shah University of Texas at Dallas Business Ethics Morals are a crucial part of life. Without having principles one would never be able to distinguish the right from wrong and good from evil. Just as it applies to life in general, ethics is an integral part of doing business as well. When we here the term Business Ethics in our work place, we usually do not take it seriously and brush it off saying ‘it’s just a simple set of basic rules like not cheating and so on’. This however is far from the truth. Business ethics for each organization may differ drastically and are an integral part of building an individuals as well as a business’s reputation. Business Ethics So, what exactly is business ethics? â€Å"Business ethics is a form of applied ethics or professional ethics that examines ethical principles and moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. It applies to all aspects of business conduct and is relevant to the conduct of individuals and entire organizations.† – Wikipedia. In simpler words, business ethics refers to the moral responsibilities and principles that act as guidance’s in the way business is done. Being able to differentiate the right from wrong in the work place may not be as simple as life morals. For this purpose each business must establish a set of guidelines deciding what is acceptable and what is not. It is also the responsibility of the business to ensure that its employees abide by these guidelines andShow MoreRelatedEthics And Ethics Of Business Ethics1200 Words   |  5 PagesEthics meaning in simple way for average person is what is right from wrong. According to Chris M acDonald (2010)† Ethics† can be defined as the critical, structured examinations of how we should behave - in particular, how we should constrain the pursuit of self-interest when our actions affect others. â€Å"Business ethics is the applied ethics discipline that address the moral features of commercial activity (Business ethics, 2008).Working in ethical way in business has a lot of benefits which can attractRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1471 Words   |  6 PagesReview Nowadays, the concern for business ethics is growing rapidly in the business community around the world. Business ethics are focused on the judgment of decisions taken by managers and their behaviors. The issue regarding these judgments is the norms and cultures that shape these judgments. Business ethics are concerned about the issue, how will the issue be solved and how will it move ahead along the transition analysis as well (Carroll, 2014). Business ethics can be addressed at differentRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay2711 Words   |  11 PagesBusiness Ethics Business ethics is a type of professional ethics or applied ethics which examines moral problems and ethical principles that come up in a corporate environment. It is applied to every aspect of conducting business. According to Milton Friedman, a company has the responsibility to generate as much revenue as it can while still conforming to the basic rules that society has set. These rules include the ones embodied in customs as well as in law. Similarly, Peter Drucker stated thatRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay1097 Words   |  5 PagesResource A discusses how ethics is crucial in business. There are three key ideas used to understand this. Firstly, making ethically wrong decisions tend to cause more upset than other general mistakes as purposeful unethical actions are not as easily forgiven or forgotten. Secondly, ethics provides businesses with a broader understanding of everything to do with their business. Business ethics is effectively just business it its larger hu man context. Thirdly, being unethical can tarnish the publicRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1064 Words   |  5 Pages　　　　Business Ethics Ethics can be viewed as the rules and values that determine goals and actions people should follow when dealing with other human beings. However, business ethics can be defined as moral principles of a business. It examines moral or ethical problems that arise in a business environment. Generally, it has both normative and descriptive dimensions. Organization practice and career specialization are regarded as normative whereas academics attempting to understand business behaviourRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics757 Words   |  4 Pagesdeciding what to do in certain situations, ethics is what guides an individual to act in a way that is good, or right. Those involved in business settings apply ethics to business situations, known as business ethics. It is expected of businesses, small and large, to follow business ethics. There is a particular framework businesses are to follow. However, the reoccurring news headlines of poor business ethics prove differently. Poor busine ss ethics include bribery, corporate accounting scandalsRead MoreThe Ethics Of The Business Ethics1431 Words   |  6 Pages BUSINESS ETHICS INTRODUCTION:- Presentation Ethics are exceptionally regular and essential good esteem that helps us to take the right choice where we think that it hard to pick between our own advantages and the correct thing to do. We are going to talk about three sections of morals Behavioral morals, Bounded ethicality and last one is irreconcilable situation. As from the names of these parts of morals, its verging on clarifying the significance of it. It clarifies why great individualsRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics Essay2141 Words   |  9 PagesUnderstanding Business Ethics In business, there are fundamentals that organizations should follow to be successful. One would say that a company should have morals and rules they follow within the business. In order to know what business ethics are, one would have to know the meaning of ethics. Ethics can be defined as a behavior that is determined to be right or wrong and it involves the way people think and treats others. Ethics can be cultural, valued, or society based, depending on the person’sRead MoreBusiness Ethics : Ethics And Business943 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussions in Business is Ethics. Some people believe that the decisions businesses make in interest of the business has no place in ethics and that they are essentially amoral. These businesses believe that their main objective is to simply make a profit and that it does not affect the success of the business. Whereas some businesses believe that they have to take ethics into consideration, in order for their business to be a success. Richard T. De George (1999) states that ethics and business do notRead MoreThe Ethics Of Business Ethics1586 Words   |  7 PagesBusiness ethics refers to the consideration of moral decisions and responsibilities in the process of operating a business. Business ethics, practiced throughout the deepest layers of a company, become the heart and soul of the company s culture and can mean the difference between success and failure. Values drive behavior and therefore need to be consciously stated, but they also need to be affirmed by actions. Ethical business environments are created with foundations of integrity, accountability

Analyzing the Economic and Health of Smoking in Australia

Question: Discuss and Analyzing the Economic and Health of Smoking in Australia. Answer: Introduction: Smoking is a destructive act, destroying the smokers' and passive smokers' health and taking an unfortunate turn in their economic conditions. The financial burden falls on both the government and the individuals. There are many diseases which are preventable yet killed many people were originated from smoking. Smoking not only harms the person who is doing it. The individuals who are being the victims of passive smoking are also sharing the same fate as the smokers. The statistics have shown a significant number of child mortality cases are attached to smoking. Pregnant mothers smoking caused many diseases to their babies and themselves too. Smoking costs the governments of each country a lump sum amount of money. Many countries are trying to fight back to this evil habit of human kind. Australia is leading this fight from the front row. The government of Australia has introduced many policies in order to reduce tobacco consumption in the country. These policies taken have reduced the numbers of smokers significantly. It was seen that the contribution of smoking to hospitalization was significantly higher than illicit drug abuse and alcohol abused, combined. The rate of smoking in the disadvantaged groups of Australia is quite high even after the introductions of the policy measures by the government. The smoking rate among the Torres Strait Islander and Aboriginals double the smoking rate among non-indigenous people. This has caused the disadva ntaged groups of the country more deaths and reduced their life expectancy. The complications during child births also have increased during smoking in the pregnancy periods. The government of Australia has taken several measures to inform the mothers of the disadvantaged groups the effects of smoking on their children and unborn. The results of these efforts are yet to show up. Problem statement: The problem statement in this research work is to determine the impact of smoking on health and economy of the people of the country. Objective of the study The primary objectives of the study are: To investigate the economic and health effect of smoking both on individual and government and then provide a comprehensive analysis to discourage or quit smoking. To explore the impact of smoking on life expectancy on the smokers and non-smokers To examine the various government policies to reduce smoking and its effect since implementation. The main research questions asked in this survey are: Does smoking have any effect on economy and health in Australia? Is there any government policy that discourages smoking? What are the main effects of smoking on mortality rates? What is the functional relationship between smoking and health and economy? Significance: The study is to determine the impact of smoking o health and economy of Australia. The smoking is one of the major health issues in todays world. Smoking is prevalent among youngsters as well as older people. The study will help to determine new policies for the policy makers regarding smoking habit. The mortality rate of the country is increasing in arithmetic progression. The research will help the government officials, policy makers and other concerned authorities to take necessary step to stop this smoking among the people of the country. Literature review: The gender differences in smoking can be interpreted through culture. Countries with lower gender empowerment have more gender differences in smoking. Death, diseases and financial burden associated with smoking are expected to increase or double in less developed and developing countries as they are now remain the focus of tobacco industry worldwide. A lot of colleges and universities student begin to smoke being the simple focus for tobacco industry and young people are barraged with tobacco messages and in some cases offer free cigarette. The government of Australia has aggressively increased tax on Tobacco products. This has made the price for tobacco goods double and in some cases even more. The Australian government is the first to introduce plain packing. The cigarette packs just contain the brand name in small fonts and with a picture which discourages smokers. Apart from the real value of tobacco purchases, the cost of cigarette use have more far- reaching health and economic impacts on families, private individual, employers and taxpayers. This approach has its own results. It has discouraged the newcomers from taking up smoking. But it has failed to create any significant changes in the adult smoking population. Some reduced smoking due to this reason. Others simply increased their smoking habits as resistant. Some did for psychological needs. The government of Australia has done a lot for reducing smoking in the country, in the last decade. The government has introduced aggressive taxation on tobacco products. The cigarette packs have become uglier in the last few years due to plain packing. The government has also created rules for disallowing smoking in public places, especially near the children's playgrounds and public transports in South Australia. The bans in tobacco consumption have impacts on the country's health as well as in the economy. It is claimed that due to the aggressive and progressive control of tobacco in developed world, smoking rate have reduced to 50% over the past four decades and also the mortality rate of smoking related illness or diseases including cancer and cardiovascular diseases are no diminishing and in few of these countries smoke free programs are protecting non-smokers from inhaling smoke. Recommendations: The recommendations that follow from the study are as follows: The study suggests that the numbers of smokers are increasing rapidly and also the diseases due to smoking are increasing. Therefore, the government and the concerned authorities should take necessary steps to control the matter. The smoking habits of the people can be controlled by generating awareness among the people. The study had been conducted by taking a very small sample. The research aims to find the impact on health and economy due to smoking for the whole country Australia. Therefore, the study could have been better if a few more samples could have been considered. The dataset also has some missing values. The missing values could be substituted with the help of some effective statistical techniques like mean Results and discussions: The data has been analyzed using various statistical methods. The following conclusions can be drawn from the analysis of the data. The data analysis results shows that the tendency of smoking is more among the males than among the females The cross tabulation results shows that the frequency of male smokers are more than female smokers, most of the smokers are above the age of 60 years and has education level till college. The results of the regression study reveals that most of the education level does not have much effect on expense of smoking however gender has some effect on smoking habits. The secondary datasets shows that the deaths due to smoking are more than prevented. Conclusions: The research has been carried out by taking a sample of size 60. The data has been collected by the method of simple random sampling. The data analysis results show that the tendency of smoking is more among the males than among the females. The cross tabulation results shows that the frequency of male smokers are more than female smokers and most of the smokers are above the age of 60 years. The secondary datasets shows that the deaths due to smoking are more than prevented. This implies that smoking has some serious effect on health. There are certain limitations of the study which are discussed as follows: The study has been conducted by taking a very small sample. The size of the sample is only 60. This has been done due to limited amount of resources that used for the study. The survey has been conducted by using only simple random sampling. The study could have been better if some effective sampling methods like cluster sampling could have been used. The different regions of the country could have been taken as each cluster.